纳米SiO2／丙烯酸酯核壳复合乳液稳定性研究

采用种子乳液聚合技术制备了纳米SiO2/丙烯酸酯核壳复合乳液,研究了氧化硅形态、氧化硅加料方式、乳化剂掺量对核壳复合乳液稳定性的影响.结果表明,氧化硅形态采用胶体二氧化硅,并且预先单体与乳化剂混合对核壳复合乳液的稳定性有利.乳化剂的最佳掺量为单体量的1.8%～3.0%左右,掺量过高,乳胶粒子粒径太小,乳胶粒子表面能过高,且单位乳胶粒表面电荷密度和电位绝对值降低,乳液的稳定性反而有一定程度的下降.     

The relationship between particulate air pollution and emergency hospital visits for hypertension in Beijing, China

Background

A number of epidemiological studies have examined the adverse effect of air pollution on mortality and morbidity. Also, several studies have investigated the associations between air pollution and specific-cause diseases including arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. However, little is known about the relationship between air pollution and the onset of hypertension.

Objective

To explore the risk effect of particulate matter air pollution on the emergency hospital visits (EHVs) for hypertension in Beijing, China.

Methods

We gathered data on daily EHVs for hypertension, fine particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM_2.5), particulate matter less than 10 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM₁₀), sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide in Beijing, China during 2007. A time-stratified case-crossover design with distributed lag model was used to evaluate associations between ambient air pollutants and hypertension. Daily mean temperature and relative humidity were controlled in all models.

Results

There were 1,491 EHVs for hypertension during the study period. In single pollutant models, an increase in 10 μg/m³ in PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ was associated with EHVs for hypertension with odds ratios (overall effect of five days) of 1.084 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.028, 1.139) and 1.060% (95% CI: 1.020, 1.101), respectively.

Conclusion

Elevated levels of ambient particulate matters are associated with an increase in EHVs for hypertension in Beijing, China.     

废轮胎媒介-A2/O工艺的脱氮性能研究

将废轮胎切碎后与乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)及沸石按一定比例混合制成一种辅助媒介,并添加至A2/O工艺的好氧段,考察了对脱氮效果的影响.试验结果表明,投加该媒介后可在好氧段内产生大量的微缺氧区,当维持污泥浓度为3～4 g/L、DO为1.6～2.4 mg/L以及进水C/N值为9～11、pH值为7.7～8.1的条件下,取得了较好的同步硝化反硝化效果,使脱氮能力提高了约13%.     

Continuity-based model interfacing for plant-wide simulation: a general approach

In plant-wide simulation studies of wastewater treatment facilities, often existing models from different origin need to be coupled. However, as these submodels are likely to contain different state variables, their coupling is not straightforward. The continuity-based interfacing method (CBIM) provides a general framework to construct model interfaces for models of wastewater systems, taking into account conservation principles. In this contribution, the CBIM approach is applied to study the effect of sludge digestion reject water treatment with a SHARON-Anammox process on a plant-wide scale. Separate models were available for the SHARON process and for the Anammox process. The Benchmark simulation model no. 2 (BSM2) is used to simulate the behaviour of the complete WWTP including sludge digestion. The CBIM approach is followed to develop three different model interfaces. At the same time, the generally applicable CBIM approach was further refined and particular issues when coupling models in which pH is considered as a state variable, are pointed out.     

隧道开挖方式对建筑物桩基影响的数值模拟分析

运用岩石破裂与失稳过程分析RFPA^2D系统以及FLAC^2D。程序对广州地铁二号线隧道通过电化教育学院录音楼引起建筑物桩基的变形与力学特性进行研究。RFPA^2D系统视材料为非均匀损伤材料，考虑修正后的Mohr-Coulomb准则(包含拉伸截断)作为单元破坏的强度判据，研究不同隧道开挖方式对建筑物桩基和地面移动的影响。分析表明，RFPA^2D系统是研究地表移动和破坏机理的适用工具。     

湖北蒲圻2×300MW电厂锅炉汽包吊装施工

湖北蒲圻电厂2×300MW机组,汽包外形直径φ2.033m,长22.500m,重167t,提升过程中汽包需倾斜32°以上,方可顺利通过各层横梁。本文通过分析吊装过程中汽包的受力状态,论述了液压提升技术在汽包倾斜吊装中的可行性,对汽包吊装具有普遍意义。     

掺杂氧化钇的ZnO电阻片电性能和微观结构特征

研究了掺杂氧化钇对D5ZnO电阻片的电位梯度、方波容量和压比(U5kA/U1mA)的影响,结果表明,随着氧化钇含量的增加,电位梯度持续增加,最高达到367V/mm。当氧化钇含量在0.3%～0.7%时,压比和方波容量性能最好,分别为1.65和246J/cm3。从微观分析结果,可以看出,上述电性能特征在微观层次上的产生根源是含钇晶间相的总量和分布的变化。通过能谱分析和X射线衍射分析,确定了含钇晶间相的成分范围:Y为10%～50%;Bi、Sb都为15%～25%,主晶相化学组成为Y1.5Sb0.5O3.5。     

底部框架-抗震墙房屋斜交框架的水平地震作用计算

推导了底部框架-抗震墙房屋沿任意方向地震时,框架承担水平地震作用的计算公式,可用于斜交底部框架-抗震墙房屋二维分析各榀平面框架的水平地震作用。由于正交底部框架-抗震墙房屋只是斜交底部框架-抗震墙房屋的特例,故方法可作为底部框架-抗震墙房屋二维分析的通用方法。     

CO/CO2体积分数分析在火灾早期探测中的应用

以CO和CO2为早期火灾探测的特征气体，针对真实火灾和假火灾情况进行了试验，得出几种常见材料在加热燃烧过程中的CO和CO2体积分数变化规律。根据这些规律和CO／CO2的体积分数比，可以有效地实现早期火灾报警。作者简介：黄湘莹（1983一），女，福建福州人，华侨大学机电工程学院硕士研究生，主要从事现代检测技术及新型传感器方面的研究，福建省泉州市华侨大学机电工程学院教工98号信箱，362021。     

用DOE-2程序分析建筑能耗的可靠性研究

对比我国常用的负荷计算方法，介绍了DOE—2能耗模拟程序的计算机理，并就同一建筑，用以上两种方法分别计算了其冷热负荷和全年空调、供暖耗电量，验证了DOE—2程序用于分析我国建筑物能耗的可靠性。